The matching of marine cylinders and hydraulic systems is a key link to ensure the stable and safe operation of the ship's hydraulic system. The matching of hydraulic systems and cylinders involves many aspects, including the design parameters of the cylinder, the selection of hydraulic oil, the configuration of hydraulic pumps and valves, the coordination of system pressure and flow, etc. Improper matching may lead to unstable cylinder performance, inefficient hydraulic system, and even system failure. Therefore, correct matching is crucial to the reliability and long-term operation of the ship's hydraulic system.

1. The main problems of matching marine cylinders and hydraulic systems
Flow matching of cylinders and hydraulic pumps
Problem description: The flow of the hydraulic pump needs to match the working requirements of the cylinder. If the flow of the hydraulic pump is too large, it may cause the cylinder to move too quickly, increase the system pressure burden, and even cause overflow pressure relief; insufficient flow will cause the cylinder to move slowly and fail to meet the load requirements.
Solution:
Select a hydraulic pump with a suitable flow according to the design stroke and speed requirements of the cylinder.
Ensure that the flow of the hydraulic pump matches the requirements of the cylinder. The flow of the hydraulic pump is usually related to the working speed, load and efficiency of the cylinder.

Cylinder and system pressure matching
Problem description: The maximum working pressure of the cylinder must match the design pressure of the hydraulic system. If the maximum pressure bearing capacity of the cylinder is lower than the working pressure of the system, it may cause damage to the cylinder or failure of the hydraulic system.
Solution:
Determine the rated working pressure of the cylinder to ensure that it can withstand the maximum pressure of the system. When selecting a cylinder, the pressure requirement should be higher than the maximum working pressure of the system to ensure safety.
The pressure control valve in the hydraulic system must match the pressure bearing capacity of the cylinder to avoid overpressure damage.

Matching of Cylinders and Hydraulic Valves
Problem description: Hydraulic valves are used to control the movement of cylinders, such as reversing valves, pressure valves, flow valves, etc. The control mode and switching characteristics of hydraulic valves must match the working requirements of the cylinders. For example, the response time of the reversing valve, the accuracy of flow control, and the pressure setting all need to match the response speed and load characteristics of the cylinder.
Solution:
Select a suitable control valve to ensure that the flow capacity and pressure setting of the valve match the requirements of the cylinder.
For cylinders that need to accurately control the movement speed and position, appropriate proportional valves or servo valves should be selected to ensure that the hydraulic system can provide accurate control.

Matching of Hydraulic Oil and Cylinders
Problem description: The selection of hydraulic oil directly affects the performance of the hydraulic system. The viscosity, temperature characteristics, lubrication properties, etc. of the oil must match the sealing system of the cylinder, the piston movement, the oil suction characteristics of the pump, etc.
Solution:
Select suitable hydraulic oil according to the working environment temperature range. For marine hydraulic systems, the hydraulic oil must have good low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature stability.
Select appropriate oil viscosity according to the design requirements of the hydraulic system. If the hydraulic oil is too thick, it will cause difficulty in starting the system, while if it is too thin, it will reduce the lubrication performance of the system.
Make sure that there are no impurities in the hydraulic oil to prevent contamination of the internal seals of the cylinder and affect the service life of the cylinder.

Matching of cylinder and system vibration
Problem description: The working state of the cylinder may cause vibration, especially when the load changes greatly. Vibration may cause pressure fluctuations in the hydraulic system, wear of the cylinder seals, and even damage to the internal components of the cylinder.
Solution:
Reasonably select the size, structure and working parameters of the cylinder to avoid excessive pressure pulsation.
Select a suitable shock absorber to reduce system vibration. The mounting bracket and support structure of the cylinder should take into account the influence of vibration to ensure that the cylinder can work smoothly during operation.

Adaptation of cylinder load and hydraulic system
Problem description: The cylinder needs to bear different loads. Under heavy load conditions, the output power, flow, pressure, etc. of the hydraulic system may not meet the requirements, resulting in the cylinder not being able to work properly.
Solution:
Determine the rated load of the cylinder to ensure that the hydraulic system can provide the corresponding working pressure and flow.
According to the load change characteristics, design appropriate hydraulic system protection measures (such as overload protection, pressure limiter, etc.) to prevent the hydraulic system from overloading.

Adaptation of cylinders to ship working environment
Problem description: The cylinders in the ship hydraulic system need to adapt to different working environments, including special conditions such as high humidity, salt spray, seawater corrosion, temperature changes, etc. If the cylinder design is not suitable for these environments, it may cause corrosion, seal failure, poor movement and other problems.
Solution:
Select materials with corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel or special alloy materials, to ensure that the outer surface of the cylinder is not easy to rust and corrode.
Use corrosion-resistant coatings or protective layers on seals and internal parts of the cylinder to increase durability.
Use hydraulic oil suitable for the ship environment and ensure that there is no moisture or impurities in the system.

2. Practical steps for matching hydraulic systems with cylinders
Demand analysis:
When selecting cylinders and hydraulic systems, you must first understand the needs of specific applications, including factors such as workload, cylinder stroke speed, working pressure range, and working environment.

Choose the right cylinder:
According to the flow and pressure requirements of the hydraulic system, select a cylinder with appropriate specifications and performance. It is necessary to ensure that the maximum working pressure and rated working pressure of the cylinder can withstand the design pressure of the system.

Calculate the parameters of the hydraulic system:
According to the working requirements of the cylinder, calculate the flow, pressure, power and other parameters required by the hydraulic system, and select the appropriate hydraulic pump, valve and oil.

Debugging and optimization:
After the cylinder and the hydraulic system are assembled, on-site debugging is carried out to ensure that all parts work in coordination. Fine-tune the parameters such as flow and pressure to ensure that the system operates in a good state.

Regular maintenance and testing:
Regularly check the operating status of the hydraulic system, monitor the working conditions of the cylinder, and clean up impurities in the oil in time to avoid oil contamination and system failure.

3. Summary
The matching of marine cylinders and hydraulic systems is a complex project, involving the selection of cylinder specifications, the configuration of hydraulic pump flow and pressure, the quality requirements of hydraulic oil, the adaptation of the sealing system and other aspects. Ensuring a good match between the cylinder and the hydraulic system can effectively improve the working efficiency of the system, extend the service life of the cylinder, avoid frequent failures, and improve the safety and reliability of the ship. In practical applications, it is recommended to select appropriate cylinders and hydraulic systems according to specific work requirements, and perform scientific debugging and regular maintenance to ensure stable operation of the system.